Information on Service 'ARIHIP astrometric catalogue'

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The catalogue ARIHIP has been constructed by selecting the 'best data' for a given star from combinations of HIPPARCOS data with Boss' GC and/or the Tycho-2 catalogue as well as the FK6. It provides 'best data' for 90 842 stars with a typical mean error of 0.89 mas/year (about a factor of 1.3 better than Hipparcos for this sample of stars).

For a list of all services and tables belonging to this service's resource, see Information on resource 'ARIHIP astrometric catalogue'

Service Documentation

The ARIHIP Catalogue is a suitable combination of the results of the HIPPARCOS astrometry satellite with ground-based data.

The ARIHIP contains 90842 stars in total. The best astrometric data for 90072 of these ARIHIP stars have been selected from the direct solutions given in the combination catalogues FK6(I), FK6(III), GC+HIP, and TYC2+HIP. Such direct solutions are appropriate for single stars or for objects which can be treated like single stars. For these 90072 stars with direct solutions, ground-based measurements have contributed to the astrometric data (mainly to the proper motions).

In addition the ARIHIP contains the original HIPPARCOS solutions for 770 stars which do not occur in one of these combination catalogues but are basically qualified for direct solutions.

Besides the astrometric data, the ARIHIP provides a variety of flags which inform about the known (or possible) binarity of each object. From the 90842 stars in the ARIHIP we have selected 73023 objects as "astrometrically excellent stars", since their instantaneous proper motions and mean (time-averaged) ones do not differ significantly. Hence most of the astrometrically excellent stars are well-behaving "single-star candidates" with good astrometric data. These stars are most suited for high-precision astrometry.

On the other hand, 2827 of the stars in the ARIHIP are Δμ binaries in the sense of Wielen et al. (1999). Many of them are newly discovered probable binaries with no other hitherto known indication of binarity. The ARIHIP gives, besides the classical "single-star mode" solutions (SI mode), other solutions which take into account the fact that hidden astrometric binaries among "apparently single-stars" introduce sizable "cosmic errors" into the quasi-instantaneously measured HIPPARCOS proper motions and positions.

The ARIHIP gives in addition to the SI mode the "long-term prediction (LTP) mode" and the "short-term prediction (STP) mode". These LTP and STP modes are on average the most precise solutions for apparently single stars, depending on the epoch difference with respect to the HIPPARCOS epoch of about 1991. The typical mean error of an ARIHIP proper motion in the single-star mode is 0.89 mas/year. This is about a factor of 1.3 better than the typical HIPPARCOS errors for these stars of 1.13 mas/year.

In the long-term prediction mode, in which cosmic errors are taken into account, the ARIHIP proper motions have a typical mean error of 1.15 mas/year, which is by a factor of more than 1.6 better than the corresponding error for the HIPPARCOS values of 1.89 mas/year (cosmic errors included).

Overview

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This service is not published. This can mean that it was deemed too unimportant, for internal use only, or is just a helper for a published service. Equally likely, however, it is under development, abandoned in development or otherwise unfinished. Exercise caution.

Input Fields

The following fields are available to provide input to the service (with some renderers, some of these fields may be unavailable):

NameTable Head DescriptionUnitUCD
DEC Delta (ICRS) Declination (ICRS decimal) deg pos.eq.dec
hipno HIP id Number of the star in the HIPPARCOS Catalogue (ESA 1997). N/A meta.id;meta.main
hscs_pos Position/Name Coordinates (as h m s, d m s or decimal degrees), or SIMBAD-resolvable object N/A N/A
hscs_sr Search radius Search radius in arcminutes N/A N/A
MAXREC Match limit Maximum number of records returned. Pass 0 to retrieve service parameters. N/A N/A
mv m_V Visual magnitude taken from the HIPPARCOS catalogue mag phot.mag;em.opt.V
RA Alpha (ICRS) Right Ascension (ICRS decimal) deg pos.eq.ra
RESPONSEFORMAT Output Format File format requested for output. N/A meta.code.mime
SR Search Radius Search radius deg N/A
VERB Verbosity Exhaustiveness of column selection. VERB=1 only returns the most important columns, VERB=2 selects the columns deemed useful to the average user, VERB=3 returns a table with all available columns. N/A N/A

Default Output Fields

The following fields are contained in the output by default. More fields may be available for selection; these would be given below in the VOTable output fields.

NameTable Head DescriptionUnitUCD
_r Dist. Distance to cone center deg pos.distance
deHIP Dec (HIP) Declination in HIP mode deg pos.eq.dec
dej2000 Dec (SI) Declination from a single-star solution deg pos.eq.dec;meta.main
deLTP Dec (LTP) Declination in LTP mode deg pos.eq.dec
deSTP Dec (STP) Declination in STP mode deg pos.eq.dec
err_de Err. Dec (SI) Error in Dec from the single star solution deg stat.error;pos.eq.dec
err_pmde Err. PM Dec (SI) Mean error in PM(Dec) form the single star solution deg/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.dec
err_pmra Err. PM RA (SI) Mean error in PM(RA)*cos(delta) from the single star solution deg/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.ra
err_ra Err. RA (SI) Error in RA from the single star solution, with cos(delta) already applied deg stat.error;pos.eq.ra
hipno HIP id Number of the star in the HIPPARCOS Catalogue (ESA 1997). N/A meta.id;meta.main
kae Excel? Measure of astrometric quality between 1 and 3, higher is better. Empty values mean the star is not 'astrometrically excellent'. N/A meta.code.qual
kbin Multi? Binarity flag. See note. Note bin N/A meta.code;multip
km Var? Variability flag. See note. Note var N/A meta.code;src.var
mv m_V Visual magnitude taken from the HIPPARCOS catalogue mag phot.mag;em.opt.V
parallax Parallax Parallax used in deriving the data of the star in the catalogue selected for the ARIHIP. This is either the HIPPARCOS parallax or a photometric/spectroscopic parallax (see Kp). deg pos.parallax
pmde PM Dec (SI) Proper motion in declination for a single-star solution. deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.dec
pmdeHIP PM Dec (HIP) Proper motion in Dec in HIP mode deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.dec
pmdeLTP PM Dec (LTP) Proper motion in Dec in LTP mode deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.dec
pmdeSTP PM Dec (STP) Proper motion in Dec in STP mode deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.dec
pmra PM RA (SI) Proper motion in right ascension times cos(delta) for a single-star solution. deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.ra
pmraHIP PM RA (HIP) Proper motion in RA, cos(delta) applied, in HIP mode deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.ra
pmraLTP PM RA (LTP) Proper motion in RA, cos(delta) applied, in LTP mode deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.ra
pmraSTP PM RA (STP) Proper motion in RA, cos(delta) applied, in STP mode deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.ra
raHIP RA (HIP) Right ascension in HIP mode deg pos.eq.ra
raj2000 RA (SI) Right ascension from a single-star solution deg pos.eq.ra;meta.main
raLTP RA (LTP) Right ascension in LTP mode deg pos.eq.ra
raSTP RA (STP) Right ascension in STP mode deg pos.eq.ra
vrad v_rad Radial velocity as used in calculating the foreshortening effect. km/s phys.veloc;pos.heliocentric

VOTable Output Fields

The following fields are available in VOTable output. The verbosity level is a number intended to represent the relative importance of the field on a scale of 1 to 30. The services take a VERB argument. A field is included in the output if their verbosity level is less or equal VERB*10.

NameTable Head DescriptionUnitUCD Verb. Level
hipno HIP id Number of the star in the HIPPARCOS Catalogue (ESA 1997). N/A meta.id;meta.main 1
raj2000 RA (SI) Right ascension from a single-star solution deg pos.eq.ra;meta.main 1
dej2000 Dec (SI) Declination from a single-star solution deg pos.eq.dec;meta.main 1
pmra PM RA (SI) Proper motion in right ascension times cos(delta) for a single-star solution. deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.ra 5
pmde PM Dec (SI) Proper motion in declination for a single-star solution. deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.dec 5
kbin Multi? Binarity flag. See note. Note bin N/A meta.code;multip 6
_r Dist. Distance to cone center deg pos.distance 10
kae Excel? Measure of astrometric quality between 1 and 3, higher is better. Empty values mean the star is not 'astrometrically excellent'. N/A meta.code.qual 15
raLTP RA (LTP) Right ascension in LTP mode deg pos.eq.ra 17
deLTP Dec (LTP) Declination in LTP mode deg pos.eq.dec 17
pmraLTP PM RA (LTP) Proper motion in RA, cos(delta) applied, in LTP mode deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.ra 17
pmdeLTP PM Dec (LTP) Proper motion in Dec in LTP mode deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.dec 17
raSTP RA (STP) Right ascension in STP mode deg pos.eq.ra 17
deSTP Dec (STP) Declination in STP mode deg pos.eq.dec 17
pmraSTP PM RA (STP) Proper motion in RA, cos(delta) applied, in STP mode deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.ra 17
pmdeSTP PM Dec (STP) Proper motion in Dec in STP mode deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.dec 17
raHIP RA (HIP) Right ascension in HIP mode deg pos.eq.ra 17
deHIP Dec (HIP) Declination in HIP mode deg pos.eq.dec 17
pmraHIP PM RA (HIP) Proper motion in RA, cos(delta) applied, in HIP mode deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.ra 17
pmdeHIP PM Dec (HIP) Proper motion in Dec in HIP mode deg/yr pos.pm;pos.eq.dec 17
err_ra Err. RA (SI) Error in RA from the single star solution, with cos(delta) already applied deg stat.error;pos.eq.ra 18
err_pmra Err. PM RA (SI) Mean error in PM(RA)*cos(delta) from the single star solution deg/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.ra 18
err_de Err. Dec (SI) Error in Dec from the single star solution deg stat.error;pos.eq.dec 18
err_pmde Err. PM Dec (SI) Mean error in PM(Dec) form the single star solution deg/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.dec 18
parallax Parallax Parallax used in deriving the data of the star in the catalogue selected for the ARIHIP. This is either the HIPPARCOS parallax or a photometric/spectroscopic parallax (see Kp). deg pos.parallax 20
vrad v_rad Radial velocity as used in calculating the foreshortening effect. km/s phys.veloc;pos.heliocentric 20
mv m_V Visual magnitude taken from the HIPPARCOS catalogue mag phot.mag;em.opt.V 20
km Var? Variability flag. See note. Note var N/A meta.code;src.var 20
err_raLTP Err. RA (LTP) Error in RA (LTP) with cos(delta) already applied deg stat.error;pos.eq.ra 21
err_pmraLTP Err. PM RA (LTP) Mean error in PM(RA)*cos(delta) in LTP mode deg/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.ra 21
err_deLTP Err. Dec (LTP) Error in Dec (LTP) deg stat.error;pos.eq.dec 21
err_pmdeLTP Err. PM Dec (LTP) Mean error in PM(Dec) in LTP mode deg/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.dec 21
err_raSTP Err. RA (STP) Error in RA (STP) with cos(delta) already applied deg stat.error;pos.eq.ra 21
err_pmraSTP Err. PM RA (STP) Mean error in PM(RA)*cos(delta) in STP mode deg/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.ra 21
err_deSTP Err. Dec (STP) Error in Dec (STP) deg stat.error;pos.eq.dec 21
err_pmdeSTP Err. PM Dec (STP) Mean error in PM(Dec) in STP mode deg/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.dec 21
err_raHIP Err. RA (HIP) Error in RA (HIP) with cos(delta) already applied deg stat.error;pos.eq.ra 21
err_pmraHIP Err. PM RA (HIP) Mean error in PM(RA)*cos(delta) in HIP mode deg/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.ra 21
err_deHIP Err. Dec (HIP) Error in Dec (HIP) deg stat.error;pos.eq.dec 21
err_pmdeHIP Err. PM Dec (HIP) Mean error in PM(Dec) in HIP mode deg/yr stat.error;pos.pm;pos.eq.dec 21
kp Par. Src. Source of the parallax: H Hipparcos, P photometric parallax N/A meta.ref;pos.parallax 22
kdmu Var mu? Based on Delta mu, 1 is a single-star candidate, 2 is a Delta mu binary, and empty values mean uncertain cases N/A meta.code;multip 22
srcSel Source Source of the astrometric solution Note src N/A meta.flag 25
t_ra Ep. RA (SI) Central epoch of RA (SI) yr time.epoch;pos.eq.ra;stat.error 25
t_de Ep. Dec (SI) Central epoch of Dec (SI) yr time.epoch;pos.eq.dec;stat.error 25
parallaxSI Par. (SI) Parallax obtained in solution SI deg pos.parallax 25
parallaxSTP Par. (STP) Parallax obtained in solution STP deg pos.parallax 25
parallaxHIP Par. (HIP) Parallax obtained in solution HIP deg pos.parallax 25
ffh F_FH F-Measure for proper motions FK5 proper motions vs. Hipparcos N/A pos.pm;arith.diff;stat.fit.goodness 25
ff0h F_0H F-Measure for proper motions original catalogue positions vs. Hipparcos N/A pos.pm;arith.diff;stat.fit.goodness 25
ff0gch F_0GCH F-Measure for proper motions GC positions vs. Hipparcos N/A pos.pm;arith.diff;stat.fit.goodness 25
f0f F_0F F-Measure for proper motions FK5 and Hipparcos positions vs. FK5 proper motions N/A pos.pm;arith.diff;stat.fit.goodness 25
ft2h F_T2H F-Measure for proper motions Tycho2 and Hipparcos proper motions N/A pos.pm;arith.diff;stat.fit.goodness 25
flags Flags Binarity evidence and variability flags (see note) Note tabflags N/A meta.code 25
t_raLTP Ep. RA (LTP) Central epoch of RA (LTP) yr time.epoch;pos.eq.ra;stat.error 27
t_deLTP Ep. Dec (LTP) Central epoch of Dec (LTP) yr time.epoch;pos.eq.dec;stat.error 27
t_raSTP Ep. RA (STP) Central epoch of RA (STP) yr time.epoch;pos.eq.ra;stat.error 27
t_deSTP Ep. Dec (STP) Central epoch of Dec (STP) yr time.epoch;pos.eq.dec;stat.error 27
t_raHIP Ep. RA (HIP) Central epoch of RA (HIP) yr time.epoch;pos.eq.ra;stat.error 27
t_deHIP Ep. Dec (HIP) Central epoch of Dec (HIP) yr time.epoch;pos.eq.dec;stat.error 27
e_parallax Err. Par. Mean error of the parallax deg stat.error;pos.parallax 28
err_parallaxSI Err. Par. (SI) Error in parallax obtained in solution SI deg stat.error;pos.parallax 29
err_parallaxSTP Err. Par. (STP) Error in parallax obtained in solution STP deg stat.error;pos.parallax 29
err_parallaxHIP Err. Par. (HIP) Error in parallax obtained in solution HIP deg stat.error;pos.parallax 29

VOResource XML (that's something exclusively for VO nerds)

Note bin

The column Kbin describes the multiplicity of the object. In consists of up to two digits.

The first digit describes the evidence for the multiplicity of the object based on proper-motion differences. For details on the method and the various test parameters F see Wielen et al (1999a).

1 all values of F (F_{FH}, F_{0H}, F_{0(GC)H}, F_{0F}, F_{TH}) are below 2.49
2 at least one value of F (F_{FH}, F_{0H}, F_{0(GC)H}, F_{0F}, F_{TH}) is larger than 3.44
3 all other (intermediate) cases
  empty means no F value(s) are available

The second digit gives evidence for the multiplicity of the object based on non-PM methods. If the data indicate various kinds of binarity, the 'astrometrically most disturbing' effect is given. :

1
single star indicated
2
the star is a member of a visual binary (gravitationally bound system), or the object is resolved by speckle interferometry
3
the object is suspected to be a visual binary (mainly due to HIP)
4
the star has at least one optical companion with a separation of rho < 60"
5
the star has at least one optical companion, but all companions have a separation of rho <= 60"
6
astrometric binary (mainly the non-standard solutions O, G, V, X of HIP)
7
spectroscopic binary with a known orbit, or the star is an eclipsing binary
8
the radial velocity of the star is variable (indicating a spectroscopic binary), or the object shows a composite spectrum (indicating a double star)
9
the radial velocity of the star may be variable (possible indication for a spectroscopic binary), or the object may show a composite spectrum (possibly indicating a double star), or other weak indications of binarity, or the star has a (suspected) planetary companion
Note src

The srcSel field indicates which catalogue the astrometric solution was taken from using the following codes:

F61 Part I of the FK6 (Wielen et al. 1999d)
F63 Part III of the FK6 (Wielen et al. 2000a)
GCH GC+HIP Catalogue (Wielen et al. 2001b)
T2H TYC2+HIP Catalogue (Wielen et al. 2001c)
HIP HIPPARCOS Catalogue (ESA 1997)
Note tabflags

The flags field collects a number of flags related to indications of multiplicity. The flags are organized into columns in the form H UF KC GBST AML VPI. The individual columns mean:

Column H

HIPPARCOS indicators for a suspected visual binary:

s Flag S in HIP Field H61
d Flag D in HIP Field H52, based on photometry.
t HIP Flags S and D (t = s+d).
Column U
HIPPARCOS percentage of rejected data (HIP Field H29, F1); one digit: 0, 1, 2, ... percent; 9: 9 or more percent. A high percentage of rejected data may be caused by a duplicity of the object, but other reasons cannot be excluded.
Column F

HIPPARCOS goodness-of-fit parameter (HIP Field H30, F2):

F2 < 0
0 0 <= F2 < 1
1 1 <= F2 < 2
2 2 <= F2 < 3
3 3 <= F2 < 4
4 4 <= F2 < 5
etc.  
8 8 <= F2 < 9
9 9 <= F2

A large value of F2 (e.g. larger than 3) may be caused by a duplicity of the object, but other reasons cannot be excluded.

Column K

Indications on binarity provided by the catalogue of speckle observations (Hartkopf et al. 1999).

b
binary resolved by speckle (or other interferometric) observations (such objects are generally excluded from the ARIHIP)
u
possibly resolved
n
object observed, but not resolved (i.e. no hint to binarity)
Column C

Indicator for a star which has one (or more) visual component(s) with a separation rho of at least 60". Source of information:

c CCDM (Dommanget and Nys 1994)
t TYCHO2 (Hoeg et al. 2000)
w WDS (Worley and Douglass 1997, and updated versions)
r other sources

Visual binaries with rho < 60" are generally excluded from the ARIHIP.

Column G

Indications on binarity provided by the General Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities (GCRV, Wilson 1953):

v radial velocity is variable
u radial velocity may be variable
2 variable radial velocities for two stellar components
b (other) indications of binarity
d (other) indications of binarity are doubtful
Column B
Indications on binarity provided by the Bright Star Catalogue (BSC, Hoffleit and Jaschek 1982). The symbols v, u, 2, b, d have the same meaning as explained for Column G.
Column S
Indications on binarity provided by the radial-velocity bibliography given in the data block 'oRV' of SIMBAD (CDS Strasbourg). The symbols v, u, 2, b, d have the same meaning as explained for Column G.
Column T
Indications on binarity provided by the spectral-type bibliography given in the data block 'MK' of SIMBAD (CDS Strasbourg); b means binary, u means possibly a binary.
Column A
Indications on binarity provided by the Third Bibliographic Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities (Barbier-Brossat et al. 1994). The symbols v, u, 2, b, d have the same meaning as explained for Column G.
Column M
Indications on binarity provided by the Bibliographic Catalogue of Stellar Radial Velocities 1991-1998 (Malaroda et al. 2001). The symbols v, u, 2, b, d have the same meaning as explained for Column G; additionally, f denotes "probably erroneous indication on binarity"
Column L
Indications on binarity from additional literature (e.g. from papers more recent than those used for Column M). The symbols v, u, 2, b, d have the same meaning as explained for Column G. Additionally, c means that the radial velocity is probably constant.
Column V

Indications on binarity from photometric variability.

a eclipsing binary, Algol type
b eclipsing binary, beta Lyrae type
e eclipsing binary, type uncertain
w eclipsing binary, W Ursae Majoris type
Column P

Indicator for a variability of the radial velocity V_rad due to stellar pulsation (which may be confused with a variability of V_rad due to spectroscopic binarity).

c Cepheid
s delta Scuti star
b beta Cephei star
Column I
An i here means that an individual note on this star is given in Part I (1-560) or III (3001-3024) of the FK6
Note var

The Km flag indicates the variability of the source and is taken from the HIPPARCOS catalogue. The codes denote:

empty star not variable
1 star variable at the level of < 0.06 mag
2 star variable at the level of 0.06 - 0.6 mag
3 star variable at the level of > 0.6 mag